Introduction
In Act 1, Scene 3 of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the eerie landscape of the Scottish heath becomes the stage for a chilling turning point. Macbeth and Banquo, returning victorious from battle, encounter the three witches—figures of dark magic and ambiguous intent—who deliver a cryptic prophecy that ignites Macbeth’s ambitions and foretells Banquo’s royal legacy. The scene brims with supernatural tension, paradoxical riddles, and psychological unrest. As Ross and Angus arrive with news that confirms part of the prophecy, Macbeth begins to wrestle with his inner desire for power. This scene marks the beginning of his moral descent and introduces the central conflict of fate vs. free will, setting the tone for the tragedy that unfolds. Through side-by-side paraphrasing, character insights, and critical commentary, this breakdown will help readers and students understand the dramatic and thematic weight of this pivotal moment in the play.

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